Max vogelsang



M. VOGELSANG.

ELECIRIC SWITCH.

APPUCATION FILED JUNE 5.1915.

1,417,957, Patented May 30, 1922.

JNITED ST TES PATENT OFFICE.

MAI voonnsnno, or mimzronT-on-rnE-um, GERMANY, assicnonmo m m voma' e HAEFFNER ACTIEN; GESELLSCEAFT, onrmxrom -on-munm', Gm

MANY.

" nniicarnrc swf'rcn.

".iim'neauon fil ed Inn: 5. 1915; Serial mi. 32370.

(GRANTED UNDER THE YROYIBIOHS 0F TEELGI-OF RAB-OK 3. 1921. *1 STAGE. l'in lmlj.

To all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that 1. Max Voonmano, a subject of the German Emperor, and a resident of F rankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Electric. Switches,-.of which the-following is a specification.

The present invention 1 relates to improvements in electric switches and the object of the improvements is toprovide .means for effectively releasing such switchescaftcr a certain time'has la )sed.

-- In the case 0 a numuer or electric switches being placed in series in a. network it is desirable. whenever the network is overloaded or short-cireuited, to get the switch next to the oint of short-circuit released. This is usual y effected by making the time for releasing the switch dependent upon the drop of voltage at the point in question. In that case. owing to the fact that the drop of voltage will be greatest near the point of short-circuit.- the switches nearest to said point. owing to the time lag relay being influenced by the drop of preure. will be released earlier than the-switches placed at some distance from said point. An arrangement of this sort is useful as well for ordinary branched networks as for closed svstems. its usefulness for these latter systems is the more apparent as owing to said arrangement the two switches nearest to the point of short-circuit and of the lowest voltage have the shortest time of release. the point in question being therefore out out in the simplest manner without any branch circuits being employed.

The time lag relays heretofore used in connection with arrangements based on the principle mentioned above generally make use of the braking force of an electromagnet excited by the voltage to influence the time lag relay. ('lhviously this braking force will he the smaller. the greater the drop of voltage caused by the shorbcirruit. and the time lag relay will run down the quicker the greater the drop in voltage at the point in question.

The practical application of these time lag relays, however, is hindered by the circninstance that the braking effect requires com :aratively great electric forces. it is further diflicult to adjust at will the de- \ICGS operating according to;the braking system for allvoltages, from the full voltage downto zero. g I:

According to the present invention all these difiiculties aresurmounted by: notdepending upon the vbraki efi'ect exerted .by the voltage upon-thetime ag relay-and simply ,us1ng the :holding. .powerof an electroma 'gnet excitedby the 'roltage -forcounteracting the eflect of-anelastic force increasing. as the.time-- proceeds. iThisi-arrangement may bekapplied-t'otime lag relays n1- dependentof the passin current -a.s.'well as to such relays as are-in uenced-bythis current. and it is possible to effect the release of the switch'either directly by the holding magnet'or indirectly-by an au'xiliarv current.

In the drawings attixed to thisspecificar tion different forms-0f an arrangement according to the present invention are shown diagrammatically.

In the'arrangementshown in 1, 1 is ,1

a high tension maximumcrelay, 2 is a time lag relayexeited whenever'contact is made,

thus causing core 3 to be slowly ulled into the coil 5 under the influence o the stopping device 4. When the contactis opened at 1, the core 3 will fall freely down, a ratchet bein inserted in the mechanism. The core 3 o the time lag relay is connected by a spring 6 with the armature 7 of a. magnet 8 excited by the voltage a in such a manner that the tension of the spring 6 in pulling the core 3 into the magnet 5 is gradually increased. As soon as the tension of t e spring has overcome the holding power of the magnet 8, the armature is pulled off and the contact device 9 for the indirect release of the high tension switch 10 is closed.

It is clear that the length of the period of time required for the pulling off of the armature 7 is dependent upon the excitation of the magnet 8 at that time. If the voltage is low and in consequence thereof the holding power of the magnet is small, the armature will be pulled ofl by a relativel low tension of the spring, that is to say, after a short time. On the other hand, if the excitation of the magnet is rather hi h, the time lag relay will pull the core 3 in into its coil and will have to apply a strong tension to spring 6 before the at tragtive ljorce of the megnet is overcome and Mer iam Pl l "Asimi'lar'm'ode of operation results in an arrangement where the time lag relayis influenced by the intensity of the current. "Re ferring to Fig.2, 11 is a t-ransform er exciting b drive the Ferraris disc-13. This latter is held in its normal position by the action of springtfi- .until' the drivingforce of magnet 12 begins Overcoming the tension of spring 6. The disc nowista'rts rotatin and graduallypulls spring'fi up, its spee being regulated by a brakmg magnet 14 orby u gove'nnor or the-1i ke. The efiect'exerted by this arran ment is-t-he same-as described above, save '13 e well known 1 difference between the dependent mind .indepe'ndenttime lag relays.

-Instead of=having the-armature Tact upon a contact device 9, the release-of the switch 10 may a'swe'll'wbe .e fi'ect-ed directly, as shown for instance in Fig.3, a sui'tuiole system of levers ifi being lprovided to this end.

*(Dbviousl e'=excitation-'of the magnet requires on y a very-small amount of'ener y and the adjustment of the device will benccurate-for a wide range of voltage,"the pullingofl' o fthe armature"? at a certain exciting volta e and a corresponding dimensioningI-of 'rt e-. magnet '8 always requiring a clearly -=defined tension or force' of. the spring 6.

It might however happen that in the net- 'workprovided with=an arrangement nccori l 'ing' to the present inventiom-insteud' of a direct short-circuit, only -anhighrand lasting overloiiding takes 'place, thus keeping the to liave the switch released merely in come 'magnet 12, the magnet trying to time la relay 2, after the maximum relay 1 has een actuated, workin during the whole time, the spring 6 being-expanded to its maximum length without the armature '1' bein pulled off and without switchlO beim released It is necessary, in such a case,

quence' of'the excess of intensity of current prevailing .all through the time to which the relay has been adjusted, although the armature-ismohpu-lled-otf. yTo t'his end the time lag relay may hecaused, in such :1 case. after havin nearly completed its movement to release tie switch by mechanically influencing a pawl mechanism or the like adapted-toclose or open a contact.

--In'the arrangementshow-u in Fig. i an independent time lag relay is provided which causes the switch 10 to be released, as soon as the spring- 6 has been fully expanded, by closing a special contact 16 for the releasing coil 17 of switch 10.

I claim In a device of the class described, in combination, an electric switch, a time lag relay adapted to be influenced by a drop of voltage caused by overloading and to release said switch and means connected with said relay for-releasin said switch also in case that no drop of v0 tag-e occurs, but the overload merely causes the time lag relay to run down.

In testimony whereof I u-fiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MAX V( )GELSANG. W ituesses JEAN GRUND, Enwm Dnvnoo. 

